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Associations between dietary factors and serum lipids by apolipoprotein E polymorphism
J A Marshall1, M I Kamboh, D H Bessesen
1Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, USA.
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
|January 1, 1996
Summary
The apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene polymorphism minimally influences how diet affects blood lipids. Specific APOE genotypes showed varied responses to dietary cholesterol, but overall, APOE played a minor role in diet-lipid associations.
Area of Science:
- Nutritional Science
- Human Genetics
- Cardiovascular Health
Background:
- Diet significantly impacts serum lipid concentrations.
- The apolipoprotein E (apoE) protein and its corresponding gene (APOE) are known to influence lipid metabolism.
- Understanding gene-diet interactions is crucial for personalized health recommendations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate whether the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene polymorphism modifies the association between dietary factors and serum lipid concentrations.
- To examine diet-lipid associations across different APOE genotypes within Hispanic and non-Hispanic white populations.
Main Methods:
- A geographically based observational study involving 852 nondiabetic adults (aged 20-74 years).
- Data collection included 24-hour diet recalls and fasting serum lipid measurements over multiple visits (1984-1992).
- Longitudinal-regression analyses were employed to assess diet-lipid relationships, stratified by APOE genotype and ethnicity.
Main Results:
- Dietary factors were significantly associated with serum lipid concentrations, consistent with existing literature.
- The association between dietary cholesterol and total/LDL cholesterol was most pronounced in Hispanic individuals with APOE*2 and non-Hispanic white individuals with APOE*3.
- No significant association between dietary cholesterol and serum lipids was observed in individuals carrying the APOE*4 allele in either ethnic group.
Conclusions:
- The APOE polymorphism appears to play a limited role in modifying the relationship between dietary intake and serum lipid levels.
- While certain APOE genotypes show specific interactions with dietary cholesterol, the overall impact of APOE on diet-lipid associations is minor.