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The hepatorenal syndrome

G Van Roey1, K Moore

  • 1Department of Medicine, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London, UK.

Pediatric Nephrology (Berlin, Germany)
|February 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Hepatorenal syndrome, a severe complication of liver disease, affects adults and children, carrying a poor prognosis. This review covers its causes, pathophysiology, and management, including renal support and liver transplantation.

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Nephrology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is a serious complication of advanced liver disease.
  • It is characterized by renal dysfunction in the absence of intrinsic kidney disease.
  • While less common in children, HRS carries a poor prognosis in all age groups.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathophysiology of hepatorenal syndrome.
  • To discuss management principles for patients with renal failure and severe liver disease.
  • To cover the role of renal support and liver transplantation in HRS.

Main Methods:

  • This is a review article.
  • It synthesizes existing literature on hepatorenal syndrome.
  • Key aspects discussed include etiology, pathophysiology, and clinical management.

Main Results:

  • Several factors contribute to HRS etiology, including reduced renal perfusion and activation of the sympathetic nervous system.
  • Vasoactive mediators play a role in modulating glomerular filtration.
  • Management strategies involve addressing renal failure and considering liver transplantation.

Conclusions:

  • Hepatorenal syndrome is a complex condition resulting from severe liver disease.
  • Understanding its pathophysiology is crucial for effective management.
  • Renal support and liver transplantation are key therapeutic options.

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