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Acid-base disorders in medicine

M E Laski1, N A Kurtzman

  • 1Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Section of General Internal Medicine, Lubbock, USA.

Disease-A-Month : DM
|February 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Internal medicine frequently encounters acid-base balance disorders due to various diseases and medications. This review covers kidney and GI tract roles in acid-base balance, diagnosis, and treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Internal Medicine
  • Physiology
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Acid-base balance abnormalities are common in internal medicine.
  • Disease states and medications can disrupt renal, gastrointestinal, or pulmonary function, affecting acid-base balance.
  • Renal tubular acidosis represents a primary acid-base disorder.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the physiologic functions of the kidney and gastrointestinal tract in acid-base balance.
  • To discuss current understanding of acid-base pathophysiologic conditions.
  • To outline diagnostic and treatment approaches for acid-base disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Review of whole animal and renal tubular physiology.
  • Discussion of molecular biology of acid-base transport.
  • Emphasis on diagnostic strategies based on physiologic function.

Main Results:

  • Detailed review of kidney and GI tract roles in acid-base homeostasis.
  • Exploration of molecular mechanisms underlying acid-base transport.
  • Integration of diagnostic and therapeutic considerations for various acid-base disorders.

Conclusions:

  • A thorough understanding of acid-base physiology is crucial for diagnosis and management.
  • Disorders of acid-base balance require a systematic approach considering multiple organ systems.
  • The review provides a comprehensive overview of acid-base balance, from molecular mechanisms to clinical practice.

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