Association of macronutrients and energy intake with hypertension

Hypertension, a major public health problem, becomes more prevalent during aging. Epidemiological studies suggest that environmental factors such as nutrition may play a major role in blood pressure (BP) regulation. It is generally accepted that obesity and sodium/alcohol consumption are important factors, and many believe that calcium, magnesium and potassium consumption are regulatory as well. Less emphasis has been placed on whether macronutrients influence blood pressure significantly. This review focused on the ability of excess calories and consumption of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins to regulate blood pressure.