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Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency: evaluation of bronchiectasis with CT
M A King1, J A Stone, P T Diaz
1Department of Radiology, Ohio State University Hospitals, Columbus 43210, USA.
Radiology
|April 1, 1996
Summary
Bronchiectasis is common in alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency, linked to higher infection rates. Consider alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency in emphysema patients with diffuse cystic bronchiectasis.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonary Medicine
- Radiology
- Genetics
Background:
- Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency is a genetic disorder that can lead to lung disease.
- Bronchiectasis, a condition characterized by widened airways, is a known complication of some lung diseases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the prevalence of bronchiectasis in patients with alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency using computed tomography (CT).
- To identify clinical factors associated with bronchiectasis in this patient group.
Main Methods:
- CT scans of 14 patients with alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency were reviewed by two radiologists.
- Radiologists assessed for bronchiectasis and emphysema, correlating findings with infection scores and medical history.
Main Results:
- Bronchiectasis was identified in 6 (43%) of the 14 patients.
- Patients with bronchiectasis had significantly higher infection scores (P < .005).
- Two patients presented with diffuse cystic bronchiectasis without a history of predisposing conditions.
Conclusions:
- Bronchiectasis may be more prevalent in alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency than previously thought.
- Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency should be considered in patients with emphysema and diffuse cystic bronchiectasis.