Human skin burns induced by defibrillator default current: a mathematical simulation model

A preliminary model was prepared for the development of superficial burns which can result from the interaction of faulty defibrillator and other electrical operating room equipment. A thermal model previously used to predict retinal coagulation was adapted to give temperature rise history of the skin. Skin resistance is assumed to decrease rapidly due to the instability of a small volume near the surface. Heating due to dissipation of the defibrillator capacitor energy in this skin volume is shown to be high enough to cause burns. A sensitivity analysis is included to isolate the dominant input parameters. Recommendations are made for future research.