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Tooth surface and pulp chamber temperatures developed during electrothermal bonding
E Mizrahi1, P Cleaton-Jones, C Landy
1Department of Orthodontics, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Summary
Electrothermal bonding generates heat on tooth surfaces and within the pulp chamber. Current evidence suggests that the temperature increase during this orthodontic bracket bonding method is clinically safe.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Orthodontics
- Dental Materials
Background:
- Electrothermal bonding utilizes electrical resistance of stainless steel orthodontic brackets to generate heat.
- Understanding heat generation is crucial for patient safety during orthodontic procedures.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate temperatures at the bracket/tooth interface and within the pulp chamber during electrothermal bonding.
- To assess the clinical safety of electrothermal bonding based on temperature changes.
Main Methods:
- Temperatures were recorded using 5A and 7.5A current pulses with varying time intervals.
- In vitro evaluation of pulp chamber temperatures in different human teeth was performed.
Main Results:
- Tooth surface temperatures ranged from 43.3°C to 85.9°C depending on current and pulse intervals.
- Pulp chamber temperature increases were modest, with mandibular incisors showing the highest response (2.1°C-2.8°C) and premolars/molars the lowest (0.9°C-1.6°C).
Conclusions:
- The increase in pulp chamber temperatures during electrothermal bonding is considered clinically safe.
- Further research may explore long-term effects and optimal parameters for electrothermal bonding.
