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Alcohol, the elderly, and motor vehicle crashes
J P Higgins1, S W Wright, K D Wrenn
1Department of Emergency Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37212, USA.
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
|May 1, 1996
Summary
Alcohol use is common in elderly drivers involved in motor vehicle crashes, especially men. Physicians should consider alcohol counseling referrals for these drivers.
Area of Science:
- Geriatric Medicine
- Trauma Surgery
- Public Health
Background:
- Motor vehicle crashes pose significant risks to elderly drivers.
- Assessing substance use in this demographic is crucial for targeted interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of alcohol or drug use among drivers aged 60 and older admitted to a trauma center following motor vehicle crashes.
- To evaluate the current practices regarding alcohol/drug abuse counseling for this patient group.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective chart review of 180 drivers aged 60+ admitted to an urban Level 1 trauma center.
- Analysis of blood alcohol screening results and toxicology screens for other drug abuse.
- Examination of discharge dispositions and offered counseling services.
Main Results:
- 14% of elderly drivers tested positive for alcohol; this figure rose to 21% among men.
- Drug abuse was uncommon, with only one patient testing positive (<1%).
- Less than half of the patients (55%) were discharged directly to their homes.
- Alcohol/drug abuse counseling was offered to only one patient.
Conclusions:
- Alcohol use is prevalent among elderly drivers involved in serious motor vehicle crashes, particularly men.
- While other drug abuse is infrequent, alcohol use warrants attention and intervention.
- Physicians should consider referring intoxicated elderly drivers for alcohol counseling to mitigate future risks.