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Related Experiment Videos

B lymphocytes secrete antigen-presenting vesicles

G Raposo1, H W Nijman, W Stoorvogel

  • 1Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Institute for Biomembranes, Utrecht University, The Netherlands.

The Journal of Experimental Medicine
|March 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Specialized vesicles called exosomes, containing MHC class II, are released from antigen-presenting cells. These exosomes can trigger T cell responses, suggesting a role in immune system communication.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Antigen-presenting cells utilize MIICs (major histocompatibility complex class II-enriched compartments) for MHC class II molecules.
  • MIICs contain MHC class II within their limiting membrane and internal vesicles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the release mechanism of MHC class II-containing vesicles from B lymphoblastoid cells.
  • To characterize the secreted vesicles and their role in T cell activation.

Main Methods:

  • Immunoelectron microscopy to visualize MIIC fusion with the plasma membrane.
  • Isolation of secreted vesicles (exosomes) via differential centrifugation and sucrose density gradients.
  • Analysis of exosome surface protein composition and MHC class II conformation.

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Main Results:

  • MIIC membranes fuse with the plasma membrane, releasing MHC class II-containing exosomes.
  • Exosome surface proteins differ from the plasma membrane; exosome-bound MHC class II is peptide-bound.
  • Slow release kinetics of MHC class II suggest exosome secretion is not the primary route to the plasma membrane.
  • Exosomes from B lymphocytes induce antigen-specific, MHC class II-restricted T cell responses.

Conclusions:

  • Exosomes are secreted vesicles containing functional MHC class II molecules.
  • Exosomes play a role in antigen presentation and T cell activation in vivo.
  • MIIC fusion with the plasma membrane leads to exosome release, contributing to immune signaling.