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Assessment of Kidney Function in Mouse Models of Glomerular Disease
Published on: June 30, 2018
Pattern of glomerular disease in Saudi Arabia
A H Mitwalli1, J S Al Wakeel, S S Al Mohaya
1Department of Medicine and the College of Medicine Research Centre, King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Summary
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis was the most common cause of nephropathy in Saudi adults. Immunoglobulin A nephropathy is increasingly recognized, while amyloidosis was absent in this study.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Pathology
Background:
- Glomerular diseases are a significant cause of kidney disease worldwide.
- Understanding the specific etiologies and histological patterns of nephropathy in different populations is crucial for effective management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the clinical and histological findings of nephropathy in adult patients at a tertiary care hospital in Riyadh.
- To identify the prevalence of different glomerular diseases and associated clinical features.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of clinical data and renal biopsies from 186 adult patients diagnosed with nephropathy between 1989 and 1994.
- Classification of primary and secondary glomerulonephritis based on histological examination.
Main Results:
- Primary glomerular diseases constituted 79% of cases, with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) being the most frequent histological lesion (40.8%).
- FSGS cases frequently presented with hypertension (86.7%), nephrotic syndrome (61.7%), hematuria (48.8%), and renal impairment (33.3%).
- Mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis (21.1%) and membranous glomerulonephritis (13.6%) were also common. Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) showed an increasing recognition rate.
- Lupus nephritis was the leading cause of secondary glomerulonephritis (48.5%); amyloidosis was notably absent.
Conclusions:
- Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is the predominant cause of primary glomerular disease in this Saudi adult cohort.
- Immunoglobulin A nephropathy appears to be an emerging entity in the region.
- Chronic infections like Hepatitis B virus do not seem to play a major role in glomerulonephritis development in this population.
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