Gastrointestinal myoelectric activity during endotoxemia

Gastrointestinal myoelectric activity during postoperative ileus has been well characterized. However, the common clinical scenario of ileus occurring during and after episodes of sepsis is not well understood. The aim of our study was to determine the effects of a single, sublethal dose of endotoxin on canine gastrointestinal myoelectric activity.

Eight dogs underwent placement of serosal electrodes on the stomach and small intestine and insertion of a jejunal cannula. After the animals recovered, electrical activity and jejunal mucosal blood flow were determined during fasting and with feeding. Following completion of these baseline studies dogs were given a single, sublethal dose of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (200 g/kg) intravenously, and the studies were repeated daily for 3 consecutive days.

Endotoxin resulted in an absence of the interdigestive migrating myoelectric complex for 2 days, a decrease in duodenal and jejunal action potentials during fasting and with feeding, but no decreases in jejunal mucosal blood flow. The gastrointestinal myoelectrical patterns returned to those found in health on postendotoxin day 3.

A single, sublethal dose of endotoxin results in a temporary disruption of gastrointestinal myoelectric activity similar to that seen during postoperative ileus. The etiology of this "adynamic" ileus is unknown but does not appear to be secondary to intestinal ischemia.