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Food allergy in children

W T Watson1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.

Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Diagnosing food hypersensitivity in children involves clinical assessment and tests like skin prick tests or RAST. The double-blind placebo-controlled food challenge (DBPCFC) remains the gold standard for confirming reactions.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Accurate diagnosis of food hypersensitivity in infants and children is crucial.
  • Identifying specific trigger foods requires a combination of clinical evaluation and diagnostic tools.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current diagnostic methods for food hypersensitivity in pediatric populations.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of various diagnostic tests in confirming food allergies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical skills, food/symptom diaries, skin testing, Radioallergosorbent test (RAST), and double-blind placebo-controlled food challenges (DBPCFC).
  • Assessment of the predictive values of different diagnostic modalities.

Main Results:

  • Skin testing and RAST have high negative predictive values for identifying potential allergens.
  • DBPCFC is the ideal method for confirming food hypersensitivity, especially for subjective symptoms.
  • No current diagnostic test accurately predicts DBPCFC results better than skin tests or RAST.

Conclusions:

  • Despite advancements, a "perfect" diagnostic test for pediatric food allergy with excellent positive and negative predictive values is still lacking.
  • Clinical judgment, alongside established tests, remains essential in diagnosing food hypersensitivity.

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