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Delayed gastric emptying after gastric surgery

M Bar-Natan1, G M Larson, G Stephens

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA.

American Journal of Surgery
|July 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Delayed gastric emptying (DGE) affects 24% of patients after gastric surgery, particularly those with diabetes, malnutrition, or cancer. Most patients recover gastric motility within 3-6 weeks, with re-operation rarely needed.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Surgical Outcomes
  • Postoperative Complications

Background:

  • Delayed gastric emptying (DGE) incidence after gastric surgery ranges from 5% to 25%.
  • Improvements in perioperative care may influence DGE frequency and course.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the incidence, contributing factors, and outcomes of DGE in patients undergoing gastric surgery.
  • To identify risk factors associated with DGE post-gastric surgery.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 416 patients undergoing gastric surgery between January 1985 and December 1993.
  • DGE defined as inability to eat a regular diet by postoperative day 10.
  • Analysis of contributing factors, risk factors, and recovery timelines.

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Main Results:

  • DGE occurred in 24% of patients (99/416).
  • Common contributing factors included sepsis (32%), anastomotic edema/leaks (23%), and obstruction (4%).
  • Significant risk factors for DGE were diabetes (55%), malnutrition (44%), and malignancy (38%). The Whipple procedure had a 70% DGE incidence.

Conclusions:

  • DGE remains a significant complication (24%) after gastric surgery, especially in patients with diabetes, malnutrition, or cancer.
  • Gastric motility typically returns within 3-6 weeks for most patients.
  • Re-operation for gastric stasis is uncommon.