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Updated: Oct 9, 2026

Esophageal Heat Transfer for Patient Temperature Control and Targeted Temperature Management
Published on: November 21, 2017
Comparison of bladder, oesophageal and pulmonary artery temperatures in major abdominal surgery
1Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham.
Abstract:
In this study we compared urinary bladder and oesophageal temperatures with the core temperature obtained from a pulmonary artery catheter in patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation. The bladder temperature was a closer approximation to pulmonary artery temperature in this group of patients than the oesophageal temperature and has much to recommend it in terms of convenience, safety and postoperative patient comfort.
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