[Lichen planus and vaccination against hepatitis B]

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Hepatology
• Vaccinology

Background:

• The association between lichen planus and liver diseases is established.
• Lichen planus occurring after hepatitis B vaccination is uncommon.
• This report presents the fifth documented case of lichen planus post-hepatitis B vaccination.

Observation:

• A 16-year-old female experienced cutaneous lichen planus one week after the first dose of the Gen Hevac B vaccine.
• The eruption recurred three days after the second vaccine injection.
• Histological examination revealed a lichenoid pattern with significant keratinocyte necrosis, suggesting a drug eruption.

Findings:

• Only four similar cases of lichen planus following hepatitis B vaccination have been previously reported.
• The HBs antigen and its epitope S are implicated as potential triggers for lichen planus eruptions.
• This case is notable for its early onset after the initial vaccination and distinct histological features.

Implications:

• Further cases of lichen planus post-hepatitis B vaccination are needed to elucidate a causal relationship.
• Understanding this association may inform vaccine development and patient monitoring.
• The findings contribute to the differential diagnosis of lichenoid reactions post-vaccination.