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Related Experiment Videos

Brief reversible bronchospasm resulting from bichromate exposure

T Shirakawa1, K Morimoto

  • 1Osler Chest Unit, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, England.

Archives of Environmental Health
|May 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Occupational asthma in a metal-plating worker was linked to chromium (bichromate) exposure. This exposure caused reversible bronchospasm, suggesting a role for autonomic imbalance and vagal overactivity.

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Medicine
  • Immunology
  • Pulmonary Medicine

Background:

  • Metal-plating workers are at risk for respiratory conditions.
  • Chromium exposure can lead to occupational asthma.

Observation:

  • A 50-year-old male metal-plating worker experienced asthmatic reactions upon chromium (bichromate) exposure.
  • Skin tests, bronchial provocation, and radioallergosorbent tests were performed.
  • A control subject with hard metal asthma was included for comparison.

Findings:

  • The exposed worker showed positive intradermal and patch tests to bichromate.
  • Inhalation of bichromate caused immediate, reversible bronchospasm.
  • Specific IgE antibodies to chromium-conjugated substances were detected in the worker.
  • Bronchial hyperresponsiveness and IgE levels were similar to the control, but reactions differed.
  • Anticholinergic, disodium cromoglycate, and beta-stimulant medications reduced bronchial responsiveness.

Implications:

  • Bichromate exposure can induce IgE-mediated asthmatic reactions.
  • The findings suggest chromium-induced bronchospasm may involve autonomic nervous system imbalance and increased vagal tone.
  • Further research into the mechanisms of occupational asthma due to metal exposure is warranted.

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