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The nucleolus

P J Shaw1, E G Jordan

  • 1Department of Cell Biology, John Innes Centre, Colney, Norwich, UK.

Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The nucleolus organizes ribosomal DNA (rDNA) transcription, processing, and ribosome biogenesis. Specific nucleolar proteins act as chaperones and shuttle between the nucleus and cytoplasm.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The nucleolus is a key nuclear structure in eukaryotic cells.
  • It is responsible for ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene transcription, rRNA processing, and ribosome subunit assembly.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current understanding of the molecular organization of nucleolar processes.
  • To summarize knowledge regarding non-ribosomal nucleolar proteins and their functions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing scientific literature and research.
  • Analysis of molecular organization within the nucleolus.
  • Examination of the roles of non-ribosomal nucleolar proteins.

Main Results:

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  • Nucleolar processes occur in distinct sub-compartments: transcription at fibrillar centers/dense fibrillar component, and ribosome formation in the granular component.
  • Non-ribosomal nucleolar proteins include RNA-binding proteins that act as chaperones.
  • These proteins facilitate the structural organization and assembly of ribosomal components.

    • Conclusions:

    • Specific nucleolar proteins are crucial for efficient ribosome biogenesis.
    • Some nucleolar proteins shuttle between the nucleus and cytoplasm, potentially aiding in protein transport.
    • The nucleolus is a dynamic and highly organized cellular factory for ribosome production.