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Changes in parietal cell structure and function in HIV disease

G Lake-Bakaar1, M Elsakr, N Hagag

  • 1Department of Medicine, SUNY Health Science Center at Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA.

Digestive Diseases and Sciences
|July 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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HIV infection impairs gastric acid and intrinsic factor secretion due to parietal cell dysfunction. Early HIV disease shows abnormal parietal cell structure and function, impacting acid output and vitamin B12 absorption.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Virology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Acid secretory failure mechanisms in HIV disease are poorly understood.
  • HIV infection may affect gastric parietal cell structure and function.
  • Previous studies have not fully elucidated these changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate changes in parietal cell structure and function in early and late HIV disease.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms underlying acid secretory failure in HIV patients.
  • To examine the presence of HIV antigens in gastric mucosa.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluated gastric acid and intrinsic factor secretion.
  • Assessed vitamin B12 absorption using Schilling tests.
  • Performed light and electron microscopy on gastric mucosa.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Used immunofluorescence and immunogold electron microscopy to detect HIV antigens.

    • Main Results:

    • Significantly altered gastric juice pH and intrinsic factor concentration in AIDS and HIV-infected subjects compared to controls.
    • Reduced maximal acid output and impaired vitamin B12 absorption in AIDS patients.
    • Observed vacuolar degeneration of parietal cells, reduced tubulovesicles, and dilated canaliculi with microvilli loss on microscopy.
    • Detected HIV antigens (gp120, gp41, p24, p17) within gastric glands, including parietal cells.

    Conclusions:

    • Abnormal parietal cell secretory function occurs early in HIV disease.
    • HIV infection affects both acid and intrinsic factor secretion.
    • Morphological changes in the parietal cell acid secretory apparatus are associated with HIV infection.