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Liver dysfunction in the early post-bone marrow transplant period

J Storek1

  • 1Fred Hutschinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, USA.

Casopis Lekaru Ceskych
|May 15, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Hepatic dysfunctions, including veno-occlusive disease and graft-versus-host disease, affect over 80% of bone marrow transplant recipients early post-transplant. This paper details their causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Medicine
  • Hematology
  • Transplantation

Background:

  • Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is a critical treatment for various hematologic malignancies and other diseases.
  • Hepatic complications are frequent and serious following BMT, significantly impacting patient outcomes.
  • Early post-transplant liver dysfunction affects over 80% of recipients within 100 days.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively describe hepatic dysfunctions post-bone marrow transplant.
  • To detail the etiopathogenesis, clinical presentation, and laboratory findings of these liver complications.
  • To outline diagnostic strategies, therapeutic interventions, and prophylactic measures for liver dysfunction after BMT.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature and clinical data pertaining to hepatic complications after HLA-matched BMT.

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  • Analysis of the mechanisms underlying veno-occlusive disease (VOD) and acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) in the liver.
  • Examination of drug toxicity and infectious causes of liver dysfunction in transplant recipients.

    • Main Results:

    • Veno-occlusive disease (VOD) and acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) are the primary causes of early hepatic dysfunction post-BMT.
    • Drug-induced liver injury and infections represent significant contributing factors to liver complications.
    • A detailed understanding of these conditions is crucial for effective management.

    Conclusions:

    • Early hepatic dysfunction is a highly prevalent complication of HLA-matched bone marrow transplantation.
    • Multifactorial etiologies, including VOD, aGVHD, drug toxicity, and infections, contribute to liver injury.
    • Effective management requires a thorough understanding of the disease processes and timely intervention.