Ultrasonic velocities of concentric laminated uric acid stones

In concentric laminated uric acid samples two different sound velocities are observed with very different values, the one in the organic matrix varies from 670 to 1170 m s(-1), the other in the crystalline layers between 3200 and 5300 m s(-1). This large difference illustrates the importance of the internal stone structure on the fracture behaviour of urinary stones and reveals the weakness of the actual disintegration models, attributing the destructive effect of shock waves on the differences in acoustical impedance at the water/stone interface and not on the differences in acoustical impedance at the matrix/crystalline interfaces inside the urinary calculus.