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Related Experiment Videos

Pine needle toxicity in pregnant mice

C K Anderson, E A Lozano

    The Cornell Veterinarian
    |April 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary

    Toxic compounds in pine needles caused reproductive failure in pregnant mice. A heat-stable toxin in pine needle fiber was identified as the primary cause, with mycotoxins playing a secondary role.

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    Area of Science:

    • Toxicology
    • Reproductive Biology
    • Animal Science

    Background:

    • Pine needle consumption by rodents can lead to adverse health effects.
    • Understanding the specific toxins and their impact on reproduction is crucial for wildlife and agricultural management.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the toxicity of various pine needle preparations on pregnant mice.
    • To identify the specific toxins responsible for reproductive failure and assess their properties.

    Main Methods:

    • Eight groups of pregnant mice were fed different preparations of ground pine needles or aqueous extracts.
    • A control group received standard Purina mouse cubes.
    • Toxicity was assessed by observing effects on adult mice and embryos, and by characterizing toxin properties (solubility, heat stability).

    Main Results:

    • Ground pine needles were more toxic than water extracts.
    • Reproductive failure occurred early in gestation.
    • A heat-labile toxin (possibly mycotoxin) was found in water extracts.
    • A heat-stable, water-insoluble toxin was identified in pine needle fiber.
    • Evidence suggested a third toxin lethal to adult mice.

    Conclusions:

    • The heat-stable toxin in pine needle fiber is the primary agent of reproductive failure in mice.
    • Mycotoxins are of secondary importance in this context.
    • Pine needle toxicity poses a significant risk to rodent reproduction.

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