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Hypertension in adult American Indians. The Strong Heart Study

B V Howard1, E T Lee, J L Yeh

  • 1Medlantic Research Institute, Washington, DC 20010-2933, USA.

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)
|August 1, 1996
PubMed

Insights

Hypertension prevalence in American Indians varied by region, with rates similar to the general US population in some areas. Aggressive treatment is crucial due to links with diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular epidemiology
  • American Indian health
  • Hypertension research

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death for American Indians.
  • Hypertension prevalence, awareness, and control are understudied in this population.
  • The Strong Heart Study investigates cardiovascular disease risk factors in American Indians.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of hypertension in American Indians.
  • To examine correlates of blood pressure, including diabetes, obesity, age, and albuminuria.
  • To understand the relationship between blood pressure and obesity/hyperinsulinemia in this group.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study of 2703 women and 1846 men from 13 American Indian tribes.
  • Baseline clinical examination (July 1989-January 1992) included interviews and physical exams.
  • Measurements included oral glucose tolerance tests and three blood pressure readings.

Main Results:

  • Hypertension prevalence in Arizona and Oklahoma was similar to US national data (NHANES III).
  • Prevalence was significantly lower in South/North Dakota participants (P < .0001).
  • Blood pressure correlated with diabetes (P < .0001), age (P < .0001), and albuminuria (P < .0001), but not strongly with obesity or insulin.

Conclusions:

  • Hypertension prevalence varies among American Indian populations.
  • Blood pressure in American Indians appears less influenced by obesity and hyperinsulinemia than in other groups.
  • Aggressive hypertension management is vital for reducing morbidity and mortality associated with diabetes and cardiovascular disease in American Indians.

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