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Lipoprotein(a) and general risk factors in patients with angiographically assessed peripheral arterial disease
1Divisione di Riabilitazione e Prevenzione per la Patologia Vascolare, Università di Verona, Italy.
Insights
High lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a significant independent risk indicator for peripheral arterial disease (PAD). This study found elevated Lp(a) levels in PAD patients, suggesting it should be evaluated alongside traditional risk factors.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Lipidology
- Vascular Biology
Background:
- High lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is linked to ischemic heart and cerebrovascular diseases.
- Lp(a) is recognized as an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease.
- Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) shares common risk factors with other cardiovascular diseases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between plasma Lp(a) levels and peripheral arterial disease (PAD).
- To determine if Lp(a) is an independent risk indicator for PAD.
- To compare Lp(a) levels in PAD patients versus controls without cardiovascular disease.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study was conducted with 61 patients diagnosed with peripheral arterial disease (PAD).
- 61 age- and sex-matched controls without cardiovascular disease were included for comparison.
- Plasma Lp(a) levels and traditional vascular disease risk factors were evaluated.
Main Results:
- Plasma Lp(a) levels were significantly higher in PAD patients compared to controls (257.0 +/- 34.8 vs 146.5 +/- 23.5 mg/l, p < 0.05).
- Traditional risk factors including smoking, diabetes, cholesterolemia, fibrinogenemia, and waist-to-hip ratio were also elevated in PAD patients.
- Stepwise logistic regression identified Lp(a) as a significant independent risk indicator for PAD, alongside smoking, diabetes, cholesterol, and fibrinogen.
Conclusions:
- Elevated plasma Lp(a) is associated with an increased risk of peripheral arterial disease (PAD).
- Lp(a) should be considered a significant independent risk indicator for PAD.
- Plasma Lp(a) warrants evaluation alongside established risk factors for vascular disease.
Abstract:
High lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] has been observed in patients with ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease. Lp(a) is actually thought to be an independent risk factor for coronary disease. We therefore carried out a case-control study, evaluating plasma Lp(a) in 61 patients with angiographically documented peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and in 61 age- and sex-matched patients with no cardiovascular disease. General risk factors for vascular disease were also taken into account. Lp(a) was significantly higher in patients than controls (257.0 +/- 34.8 vs 146.5 +/- 23.5 mg/l p < 0.05), as were cigarette smoking, diabetes, cholesterolemia, fibrinogenemia and the waist-to-hip circumference ratio. Stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that, in addition to cigarette smoking, diabetes, cholesterol and fibrinogen, Lp(a) is a significant independent risk indicator for PAD. This result suggests that high plasma Lp(a) is associated with enhanced risk of PAD and must therefore be evaluated alongside traditional risk factors.