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Campylobacter enteritis: a "new" disease

M B Skirrow

    British Medical Journal
    |July 2, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Campylobacters, including Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli, are identified as a common cause of acute enteritis in patients with severe abdominal pain. Poultry and infected dogs are potential sources of infection, highlighting the need for further recognition of this bacterial pathogen.

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    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Gastroenterology

    Background:

    • Campylobacters are increasingly recognized as a cause of bacterial gastroenteritis.
    • The prevalence and clinical significance of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli in diarrheal illness require further investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the incidence of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli in patients with diarrhea.
    • To characterize the clinical presentation and epidemiological features of campylobacter enteritis.
    • To identify potential sources and transmission routes of Campylobacter infections.

    Main Methods:

    • Selective culture techniques were used to isolate Campylobacter species from fecal samples of patients with diarrhea and a control group.
    • Serological testing for specific agglutinins was performed on patient sera.

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  • Epidemiological data, including patient demographics, clinical symptoms, household contacts, and potential exposure sources (poultry, pets, travel), were collected.

    • Main Results:

    • Campylobacters were isolated from 7.1% of 803 patients with diarrhea, but not from 194 asymptomatic individuals.
    • Specific agglutinins were detected in 31 of 38 patients with campylobacter enteritis, with 10 showing a rising titer.
    • The highest incidence was observed in young children, although half of the patients were aged 15-44 years. All patients presented with severe abdominal pain.
    • Household transmission occurred in 12 of 29 households, often involving children.
    • Potential sources included chickens (live and dressed) and dogs with diarrhea.
    • Ten patients reported travel abroad before symptom onset.

    Conclusions:

    • Campylobacters are a significant and relatively unrecognized cause of acute enteritis, characterized by severe abdominal pain.
    • Poultry and infected domestic animals like dogs may serve as primary reservoirs for human Campylobacter infections.
    • Campylobacter enteritis affects a wide age range, with a notable incidence in young children, and can be acquired through various transmission routes including travel.