The decision to prolong life: ethical perspectives of a clinical dilemma

As a result of rapid developments in medical technology, health-care workers are increasingly faced with decisions regarding the prolongation of life and the withdrawal of treatment. Such decisions are often extremely complex and present a moral dilemma: they are further complicated by prevailing politico-economic, social and cultural influences. This article contrasts deontological and utilitarian philosophical perspectives, and discusses ethical principles which impinge on the decision making process. A knowledge and understanding of these philosophies and principles are essential to assist clinical practitioners in the examination of moral issues surrounding life and death.