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Method to electronically collect emergency department data

M Schootman1, C Zwerling, E R Miller

  • 1Division of Substance Abuse and Health Promotion, Iowa Department of Public Health, Des Moines.

Annals of Emergency Medicine
|August 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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Developing an electronic injury surveillance system in rural emergency departments (EDs) is feasible. The Rural Injury Surveillance System (RISS) captured 90% of patient visits, demonstrating effective injury data collection.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Health Informatics
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Rural emergency departments (EDs) face unique challenges in injury surveillance.
  • Establishing comprehensive injury data collection is crucial for public health initiatives.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detail the creation and assess the completeness of the Rural Injury Surveillance System (RISS).
  • To evaluate the efficacy of an electronic, ED-based injury surveillance system in a rural setting.

Main Methods:

  • Nine rural Iowa hospitals' emergency departments participated.
  • Data were collected on all treated patients from May 1993 to June 1994.
  • Electronic data were compared against handwritten ED logbooks for accuracy.

Main Results:

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  • The RISS captured 90% of patient visits compared to logbooks; 99% of RISS entries were in logbooks.
  • Missing diagnostic codes reduced from 22.6% to 8.1% over the study period.
  • External cause codes had ~25% missing data; industry/occupational codes had <5% missing data by study end.

Conclusions:

  • Computerized, ED-based injury surveillance is achievable in rural areas.
  • Further development and implementation of such systems are recommended for improved public health surveillance.