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[Nutritional support in acute pancreatitis]

P Dionigi1, M Braga, L Gianotti

  • 1Dipartimento di Chirurgia, Policlinico S. Matteo, IRCCS, Università degli Studi di Pavia.

Chirurgia Italiana
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Nutritional support is crucial for severe acute pancreatitis. Enteral nutrition, delivered past the ligament of Treitz with low fat, is recommended over intravenous methods to prevent complications.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Clinical Nutrition
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Severe acute pancreatitis involves a hypermetabolic state, leading to nutritional depletion, malnutrition, and septic complications.
  • Nutritional support is a cornerstone in managing acute pancreatitis, but optimal methods remain debated.
  • Existing research indicates intravenous nutrient administration does not stimulate pancreatic secretion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current literature on nutritional support for acute pancreatitis.
  • To provide preliminary guidelines for optimizing nutritional management in these patients.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive review of specific scientific literature.
  • Analysis of data regarding nutrient administration routes and substrate composition.
  • Focus on impact on exocrine pancreatic secretion and patient outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Intravenous feeding (amino acids, glucose, fat emulsions) does not appear to stimulate exocrine pancreatic secretion.
  • Enteral nutrition is suggested, requiring low-fat content.
  • Delivery of enteral feeds should be distal to the ligament of Treitz.

Conclusions:

  • Nutritional support is vital for severe acute pancreatitis patients.
  • Enteral nutrition, when administered correctly (low fat, post-ligament of Treitz), is a preferred strategy.
  • Guidelines are proposed to standardize and improve nutritional care in acute pancreatitis.

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