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Ectopic thyroid tissue presenting as a midline neck mass

A Damiano1, A B Glickman, J S Rubin

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10467, USA.

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
|January 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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Ectopic thyroid tissue, often presenting as a midline neck mass, can be the only functioning thyroid tissue. A thyroid scan is crucial to avoid misdiagnosis and unnecessary surgery for this rare condition.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Ectopic thyroid tissue is rare, typically found along the thyroglossal duct pathway.
  • It can present as a midline cervical mass, mimicking a thyroglossal duct cyst.
  • In many cases, ectopic thyroid tissue is the sole functioning thyroid gland.

Observation:

  • A 13-year-old male presented with a fluctuating midline cervical mass noted since infancy.
  • Symptoms included odynophagia and neck swelling, leading to a presumptive diagnosis of thyroglossal duct cyst.
  • A preoperative thyroid scan identified the mass as the only functioning thyroid tissue.

Findings:

  • The midline cervical mass was confirmed to be ectopic thyroid tissue.
  • The patient's ectopic thyroid was the only functioning thyroid tissue present.

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  • No surgical intervention was performed due to the scan findings.

    • Implications:

    • Thyroid scans are essential for preoperative evaluation of midline neck masses in children.
    • Accurate diagnosis of ectopic thyroid tissue prevents misdiagnosis as thyroglossal duct cyst.
    • Identifying ectopic thyroid tissue avoids unnecessary surgery and lifelong thyroid hormone replacement therapy.