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Increased serum concentrations of interleukin-1 beta in patients with coronary artery disease
D Hasdai1, M Scheinowitz, E Leibovitz
1Department of Cardiology, Tel-Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel.
Insights
Serum interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) levels are elevated in patients with ischemic heart disease, especially those with minimal coronary artery disease and angina. Further research is needed to understand IL-1 beta's exact role in coronary artery disease.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Immunology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is a significant global health concern.
- Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine implicated in various inflammatory conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To measure serum IL-1 beta concentrations in patients with IHD.
- To identify patient subgroups with elevated IL-1 beta.
- To investigate the correlation between IL-1 beta and non-specific inflammatory markers.
Main Methods:
- A survey study was conducted in a tertiary medical center's cardiac catheterisation laboratory.
- Consecutive patients with angina pectoris and those recovering from acute myocardial infarction were included.
- Serum IL-1 beta levels were assessed and compared to healthy controls.
Main Results:
- Serum IL-1 beta concentrations were significantly higher in IHD patients compared to healthy controls (P < 0.001).
- Elevated IL-1 beta was observed in patients with angina and minimal coronary artery stenosis, angina with significant stenosis, and post-myocardial infarction.
- No significant correlation was found between serum IL-1 beta and leucocyte counts, monocyte counts, fibrinogen, or C-reactive protein.
Conclusions:
- Serum IL-1 beta concentrations are elevated in patients with ischemic heart disease.
- The highest IL-1 beta levels were noted in patients with minimal coronary artery disease and angina.
- The specific role of IL-1 beta in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease requires further investigation.
Objective:
To assess serum interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) concentrations in patients with ischaemic heart disease, to characterise subgroups of patients with raised IL-1 beta concentrations, and to examine whether serum IL-1 beta concentrations correlate with non-specific indices of inflammation.
Design:
Survey study of patients with ischaemic heart disease.
Setting:
Cardiac catheterisation laboratory of a tertiary medical centre.
Patients:
Consecutive patients with angina pectoris and patients recovering from uncomplicated acute myocardial infarction and undergoing elective coronary angiography.
Results:
Mean(SD) serum IL-1 beta concentrations were higher (P < 0.001) in patients with angina and < 50% coronary artery stenosis (n = 11; 18.8(19.9) pg/ml), patients with angina > or = 50% stenosis (n = 23; 10.2(11.4) pg/ml), and patients 8(0.8) days post-infarction (n = 13; 4.4(5.8) pg/ml) than in 15 healthy, age-matched controls (0.3(0.5) pg/ml). Serum IL-1 beta concentrations did not correlate with total blood leucocyte counts (r = -0.07, P = NS), blood lymphocyte counts (r = -0.24, P = NS), and blood monocyte counts (r = -0.29, P = NS), or with fibrinogen (r = -0.16, P = NS) and C-reactive protein concentrations (9(10.5) mg/dl v 14.1(19) mg/dl for patients with undetectable and detectable concentrations, respectively, P = NS).
Conclusion:
Serum IL-1 beta concentrations are raised in patients with ischaemic heart disease, in particular in those with minimal coronary artery disease and angina. The precise role of IL-1 beta in coronary artery disease remains to be determined.