[Current strategies in patients with urinary diversion, 2: Upper urinary tract]

Improved surgical methods and changed management of invasive bladder cancer lead to an increased number of patients with urostomies. The number of patients with internal stents is increasing, too. Numerous surgical options are currently available for both male and female patients. Lifestyle implications are as important as the selection of the adequate diversion such as ileal conduit, continent cutaneous diversions or orthotopic bladder replacement.