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Related Experiment Videos

Pressure threshold for fluid loss from the peritoneal cavity

M F Flessner1, A Schwab

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, New York 14620, USA.

The American Journal of Physiology
|February 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Fluid loss from the peritoneal cavity increases significantly with intraperitoneal hydrostatic pressure (Pip) above 2 cmH2O. This fluid movement into the abdominal wall also rises proportionally with Pip.

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Nephrology
  • Fluid dynamics

Background:

  • Ascites and dialysis fluid in the peritoneal cavity can lead to fluid loss.
  • Previous studies indicate increased fluid loss with higher intraperitoneal hydrostatic pressure (Pip).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the existence of a low-threshold Pip for peritoneal fluid loss.
  • To determine if fluid movement into the abdominal wall (AW) correlates with Pip.

Main Methods:

  • Rats were dialyzed for 3 hours at controlled Pip levels (0-8 cmH2O) using isotonic/hypertonic solutions.
  • Measurements included total fluid loss, AW fluid-marker concentration, and peritoneal lymph flow.
  • Protein marker adsorption to the peritoneal surface was considered.

Main Results:

  • Peritoneal lymph flow remained constant and independent of Pip.
  • Isotonic fluid loss increased from 0.29 ml/h at 0 cmH2O to 5.06 ml/h at 8 cmH2O, with a sharp rise above 2 cmH2O.
  • Fluid movement into the AW directly paralleled the measured fluid loss rate.

Conclusions:

  • Peritoneal lymph flow is not influenced by hydrostatic or osmotic pressure.
  • Fluid loss from the peritoneal cavity and into the AW is directly proportional to Pip exceeding 2 cmH2O.
  • Protein markers require correction for adsorption to accurately measure fluid movement.

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