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[Isolated neonatal dysfunction of brainstem]

V Abadie1, G Chéron, S Lyonnet

  • 1Département de pédiatrie, hôpital Necker-Enfants-Malades, Paris, France.

Archives De Pediatrie : Organe Officiel De La Societe Francaise De Pediatrie
|February 1, 1996
PubMed
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Brainstem dysfunction in newborns (BDN) involves feeding and breathing issues, often linked to developmental syndromes. Early diagnosis and management are crucial for better outcomes in affected infants.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal neurology
  • Pediatric gastroenterology
  • Developmental pediatrics

Context:

  • Brainstem dysfunction in newborns (BDN) is a condition characterized by difficulties with sucking and swallowing, originally observed within the Pierre Robin sequence.
  • BDN is hypothesized to stem from impaired embryonic development of the sucking and swallowing mechanisms.

Purpose:

  • To characterize brainstem dysfunction in newborns (BDN) presenting with suck and swallow abnormalities.
  • To identify associated malformations and evaluate the clinical course and outcomes in infants with BDN.

Summary:

  • A study of 48 infants without cleft palate revealed BDN symptoms including feeding difficulties, pharyngo-esophageal discoordination, airway obstruction, and vagal overactivity.
  • Fifteen infants without syndromic malformations exhibited facial dysmorphisms and feeding/respiratory issues, with 50% experiencing moderate mental retardation despite good functional prognosis.

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  • Diagnosis involved clinical assessment, laryngoscopy, esophageal manometry, and Holter monitoring; management focused on nutritional and respiratory support.

    • Impact:

    • Highlights the need for specific management strategies for nutritional and respiratory problems in infants with BDN.
    • Emphasizes the importance of actively screening for underlying polymalformative syndromes and conducting thorough neurologic evaluations in infants diagnosed with BDN.