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Indices to measure gingival bleeding

E Newbrun1

  • 1Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, USA.

Journal of Periodontology
|June 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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Gingival bleeding assessment is crucial for diagnosing periodontal disease. A modified Sulcus Bleeding Index (mSBI) with graded scores is recommended for monitoring treatment response and patient maintenance.

Area of Science:

  • Periodontology
  • Oral Health
  • Inflammation Markers

Background:

  • Gingival bleeding is a key indicator of periodontal inflammation.
  • Various bleeding indices exist, differing in their assessment of bleeding severity.
  • The selection of a bleeding index depends on the study's or clinical goal.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the utility of different gingival bleeding assessment methods.
  • To determine the most effective index for clinical practice and patient monitoring.
  • To highlight the importance of controlled-force probes and smoking status in studies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing gingival bleeding indices.
  • Discussion of methods for eliciting gingival bleeding (manual vs. controlled-force probes).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of bleeding on probing as a predictor of periodontal disease progression.

    • Main Results:

    • Graded bleeding indices are more effective than dichotomous scoring for identifying at-risk sites.
    • Controlled-force probes offer less trauma and fewer false-positive results.
    • Smokers may exhibit reduced or delayed gingival bleeding, necessitating control in studies.

    Conclusions:

    • A modified Sulcus Bleeding Index (mSBI) with three bleeding scores is recommended for monitoring individual patients.
    • Graded bleeding indices are valuable for identifying sites at risk of destructive activity.
    • Gingival bleeding assessment should be a standard part of oral examinations.