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A 6-year experience with compositae mix
1Dermatology Center, General Hospital, Buxtehude, Germany.
Summary
Allergic reactions to Compositae (Asteraceae) plants are common, with feverfew causing the most hypersensitivity. Testing these plant extracts aids in diagnosing allergic contact dermatitis and eczema.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Allergology
- Botany
Background:
- Compositae (Asteraceae) plant exposure is a potential cause of allergic contact dermatitis.
- Previous studies have investigated allergic reactions to specific Compositae species.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the frequency of allergic reactions to a mixture of Compositae plant extracts.
- To identify specific Compositae species responsible for allergic reactions.
Main Methods:
- Patch testing with a mixture of ether extracts from Arnica, German chamomile, feverfew, tansy, and yarrow.
- Further testing with individual plant extracts and related compounds like laurel oil.
- Analysis of positive reactions in 3,851 individuals.
Main Results:
- A 3.1% overall positive reaction rate to the Compositae mixture was observed.
- Feverfew (70.1%) and chrysanthemums (63.6%) elicited the highest reaction rates.
- Other tested Compositae species and laurel oil also showed significant hypersensitivity.
Conclusions:
- Compositae plant extracts are significant allergens in patients with allergic contact dermatitis.
- Beyond sesquiterpene lactones, other constituents like polyacetylenes and thiophenes contribute to hypersensitivity.
- Identifying these allergens can improve diagnosis of hand, face, and airborne contact dermatitis.