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Hypnotic amnesia and learning: a dissociation interpretation

T Kinnunen1, H S Zamansky

  • 1Harvard School of Dental Medicine, USA.

The American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis
|April 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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Hypnotically induced amnesia did not impede positive transfer learning when learning similar word lists. However, positive transfer was blocked when learning dissimilar word lists under amnesia suggestions.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Dissociation theory explains memory and consciousness disruptions.
  • Positive transfer learning involves improved performance on a second task due to prior learning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of hypnotically induced amnesia on positive transfer learning.
  • To test predictions derived from dissociation theory regarding memory and learning.

Main Methods:

  • Participants learned two paired-associates word lists under hypnosis.
  • An experimental group received amnesia suggestions for the first list (similar stimuli).
  • Control groups learned lists with or without amnesia suggestions and with similar or dissimilar stimuli.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Positive transfer was observed in the experimental group and a control group learning similar lists without amnesia.
  • Positive transfer was not observed in a control group learning dissimilar lists with amnesia suggestions.
  • Hypnotic amnesia affected positive transfer learning based on stimulus similarity.

Conclusions:

  • Results support dissociation theory's predictions on memory and learning under hypnosis.
  • Hypnotically induced amnesia can selectively impair positive transfer learning.
  • Stimulus similarity plays a crucial role in overcoming amnesia effects on learning transfer.