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Cardiac function and exercise training in conscious dogs

H L Stone

    Journal of Applied Physiology: Respiratory, Environmental and Exercise Physiology
    |June 1, 1977
    PubMed
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    Exercise training in dogs led to adaptations in the nervous system, improving cardiac function. While heart rate decreased, the maximum rate of left ventricular pressure increase during exercise was significantly enhanced.

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiovascular Physiology
    • Exercise Physiology
    • Neurocardiology

    Background:

    • Understanding the physiological adaptations to exercise is crucial for cardiovascular health.
    • Previous research suggests complex neural and cardiac modifications occur with training.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of a combined sprint and endurance exercise training program on cardiac function in mongrel dogs.
    • To determine if exercise training induces reflex nervous system adaptations that enhance cardiac performance.

    Main Methods:

    • 21 mongrel dogs underwent a 4-week exercise training program involving daily alternating sprint and endurance sessions.
    • Hemodynamic parameters including ascending aortic flow, left ventricular pressure, and left atrial pressure were continuously monitored.

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  • Ventricular function curves (VFC) were assessed via rapid volume loading in a subset of animals.

    • Main Results:

    • Exercise training resulted in a significant reduction in resting heart rate (average 20 beats/min lower).
    • The maximum derivative of left ventricular pressure (dP/dt max), a marker of contractility, increased significantly during submaximal testing in trained animals.
    • Ventricular function curves were attenuated in trained animals, primarily due to the reduced heart rate response.

    Conclusions:

    • Exercise training induces reflex nervous system adaptations that enhance cardiac contractility during exertion.
    • Despite a lower heart rate response, trained dogs demonstrated improved cardiac function during exercise.
    • These findings highlight the complex interplay between neural regulation and cardiac performance in response to training.