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Bovine coronavirus nucleocapsid protein processing and assembly

B G Hogue1

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Bovine coronavirus (BCV) nucleocapsid (N) protein undergoes processing during virion assembly. This processing appears to be a dephosphorylation event, ensuring only the correct N protein form is incorporated into mature BCV virions.

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Protein Biochemistry

Background:

  • The coronavirus nucleocapsid protein (N) is essential for encapsidating the viral genome.
  • Understanding the assembly requirements of the coronavirus nucleocapsid is crucial for viral replication studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the specific requirements for coronavirus nucleocapsid assembly.
  • To determine the processing events of the bovine coronavirus (BCV) N protein during virion formation.

Main Methods:

  • Detection and characterization of BCV N protein forms in infected cells and extracellular virions.
  • Treatment with calf intestinal alkaline phosphatase (CIAP) to assess dephosphorylation.

Main Results:

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  • Two forms of BCV N protein (50 kDa and 55 kDa) were found in infected cells, but only the 50 kDa form in extracellular virions.
  • CIAP treatment dephosphorylated the 55 kDa intracellular form, causing it to comigrate with the 50 kDa form.
  • The 50 kDa intracellular N protein and N protein from virions were insensitive to CIAP treatment.

    • Conclusions:

    • Specificity exists in the assembly of N protein into mature BCV virions.
    • N protein processing, likely a dephosphorylation event, occurs during nucleocapsid or virion assembly.