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Elevated serum prolactin or elevated prolactin/cortisol ratio are associated with autoimmune processes in systemic
1Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.
Objective:
. We investigated whether serum prolactin (Prl) alone or an increased Prl/cortisol ratio correlated with the autoimmune processes in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and other connective tissue diseases (CTD).
Methods:
Serum Prl, cortisol, cytokines, and autoantibodies were measured in 29 patients with SLE and 29 patients with other CTD by ELISA. The patients were clinically assessed.
Results:
Serum Prl was elevated in both SLE (p < 0.05) and other CTD (p < 0.01). Some patients with SLE had reduced serum cortisol levels. In SLE only, the Prl and cortisol levels were correlated (p <0.05), suggesting a parallel activation of the different neuroendocrine pathways. Both groups of patients showed significantly increased Prl/cortisol ratios (p < 0.01 in SLE and p < 0.05 in other CTD). In CTD other than SLE, increased tumor necrosis factor-alpha correlated with the elevated Pri/cortisol ratio (p < 0.05). In SLE, other CTD and control sera, elevated levels of IgG anti-cardiolipin antibody (aCL) were accompanied by increased Prl (0.01
Conclusion:
In SLE and other CTD, increased Prl favored the autoimmune processes, which are reflected by the presence of higher titers of autoantibodies. In many cases, increased PrI was accompanied by elevated cortisol.