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Haemoptysis. A bronchological evaluation

K Jokinen, T Palva, J Nuutinen

    Annals of Clinical Research
    |February 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Bronchial carcinoma was the most common cause of hemoptysis (coughing up blood) in a 1967-73 study. Over half of patients had normal or inflammatory bronchoscopic findings, with cancer identified in 42 cases.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pulmonology
    • Thoracic Surgery
    • Medical Diagnostics

    Background:

    • Hemoptysis, or coughing up blood, is a significant clinical symptom requiring thorough investigation.
    • Understanding the etiological spectrum and diagnostic findings in hemoptysis is crucial for patient management.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze the causes and bronchoscopic findings in a large cohort of patients presenting with hemoptysis.
    • To identify the most frequent etiologies and the diagnostic yield of bronchoscopy in localizing bleeding sources.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective analysis of 342 patients with hemoptysis undergoing bronchological examination between 1967 and 1973.
    • Detailed recording of patient demographics, clinical presentation, bronchoscopic findings, and identified causes of bleeding.

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    Main Results:

    • Bronchial carcinoma was the leading cause (25%), followed by chronic bronchitis (21.5%) and inactive pulmonary tuberculosis (9.5%).
    • The cause remained unknown in 21.5% of cases. Bronchoscopic findings were normal in 25% and showed inflammatory changes in 53%.
    • A bleeding bronchial carcinoma was identified in 42 patients, with the bleeding source localized to the segmental bronchus or beyond in 33 cases.

    Conclusions:

    • Bronchial carcinoma is a primary cause of hemoptysis, necessitating its exclusion in diagnostic workups.
    • Bronchoscopy is valuable for identifying bleeding sources, especially in active bleeding, though a significant proportion of cases may have non-specific findings or an unknown etiology.