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Paravalvular aortic rupture causing angina following aortic valve replacement

E R Reddy1, A Addetia, E W Stone

  • 1Department of Radiology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Canada.

Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology
|September 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

A rare paravalvular aortic rupture occurred 5 years post-aortic valve replacement. This complication involved the circumflex coronary artery, leading to angina symptoms.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Cardiac Surgery Complications
  • Aortic Valve Replacement

Background:

  • Aortic valve replacement (AVR) is a common procedure for aortic valve disease.
  • Paravalvular leaks are known complications following AVR.
  • Long-term complications of AVR require ongoing surveillance.

Observation:

  • A case of paravalvular aortic rupture is presented.
  • The rupture occurred 5 years after AVR with a #25 Omniscience tilting disc prosthesis.
  • The rupture site was adjacent to the aortic annulus.

Findings:

  • The paravalvular rupture extended to involve the circumflex coronary artery.
  • This involvement of the coronary artery caused acute angina.
  • This represents the first reported instance of such a specific complication post-AVR.

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Implications:

  • This case highlights a rare but severe complication of aortic valve replacement.
  • Coronary artery involvement secondary to paravalvular rupture can lead to myocardial ischemia.
  • Increased vigilance and potential diagnostic strategies may be warranted for patients with late paravalvular complications.