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Changes in dietary protein intake fail to prevent decrease in muscle growth induced by severe hypoxia in rats

A X Bigard1, P Douce, D Merino

  • 1Département de Physiologie Systémique, Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches de Médecine Aérospatiale, Brétigny sur Orge, France.

Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|January 1, 1996
PubMed
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Hypobaric hypoxia (HA) exposure significantly reduces rat growth rates and muscle mass. High protein diets do not improve muscle growth at altitude but negatively impact liver and muscle glycogen stores.

Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Nutrition
  • Altitude Research

Background:

  • Chronic exposure to simulated hypobaric altitude (HA) can impact physiological functions.
  • Dietary protein intake is a key factor in metabolic regulation and tissue maintenance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of simulated hypobaric hypoxia and varying dietary protein concentrations on rat physiology.
  • To differentiate the effects of hypoxia from reduced food intake on muscle growth and energy stores.

Main Methods:

  • Rats were exposed to simulated hypobaric altitude (6,000 m) for 26 days.
  • Dietary protein varied (10%, 20%, 40%); control groups were normobaric ad libitum or pair-fed.
  • Evaluated muscle growth, glycogen levels (liver, muscle), plasma hormones, and muscle glutamine.

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Main Results:

  • Hypobaric hypoxia caused significant anorexia and decreased muscle growth, independent of protein intake.
  • Plasma insulin was lower in hypoxic rats.
  • Liver and soleus muscle glycogen decreased with HA exposure and high protein diets.
  • Muscle glutamine increased with lower protein diets.

Conclusions:

  • Hypobaric hypoxia per se impairs rat growth rate.
  • Increased dietary protein does not mitigate hypoxia-induced muscle growth reduction but impairs glycogen storage.
  • Reduced food intake and hypoxia have additive negative effects on muscle glycogen.