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Nutritional epidemiology during school age

E Ferrante1, A Vania, P Mariani

  • 11 Clinica Pediatrica, Università degli Studi La Sapienza, Rome, Italy.

Annali Dell'Istituto Superiore Di Sanita
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
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This study assessed nutritional status and food consumption in over 2500 children and adolescents. Findings reveal poor dietary habits, including high sugar intake and inadequate breakfasts, contributing to rising obesity rates.

Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • Pediatric Nutrition
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Nutritional research encompasses nutritional status evaluation and food consumption epidemiology.
  • Long-term studies by the research group focus on anthropometric and bioelectrical impedance measurements, and nutritional habits.
  • Over 2500 subjects, from pre-school to adolescence, have been involved in these studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate nutritional status and food consumption patterns in children and adolescents.
  • To establish a basis for an educational approach aimed at improving lifestyle habits.
  • To identify specific dietary inadequacies and their impact on health outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized anthropometric measurements and bioelectrical impedance analysis.

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  • Assessed nutritional habits through dietary intake evaluations.
  • Analyzed data from over 2500 pre-school to adolescent subjects.

    • Main Results:

    • Identified inadequacies in energy intake and macronutrient distribution in school meals.
    • Revealed excessive soluble sugar consumption (over 70g/day for 2/3 of children) and high snack energy intake (up to 34%).
    • Observed poor weight perception in adolescents (62% correct) and nutritionally inadequate home-prepared breakfasts, alongside a concerning rise in obesity (approaching 30%).

    Conclusions:

    • Dietary habits in children and adolescents show significant inadequacies, including high sugar and snack consumption.
    • Nutritional status is negatively impacted by poor dietary choices, leading to an increasing trend in obesity despite a decrease in overweight status.
    • Educational interventions focusing on lifestyle improvements are crucial for addressing these public health concerns.