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Capillary flow impairment and functional capillary density

A G Tsai1, B Friesenecker, M Intaglietta

  • 1Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0412, USA.

International Journal of Microcirculation, Clinical and Experimental
|September 1, 1995
PubMed
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Functional capillary density, crucial for tissue health, is regulated by vessel diameter and blood flow. Both passive and active capillary processes influence red blood cell transit, impacting tissue oxygenation.

Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Microcirculation
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Functional capillary density (FCD) varies in normal and diseased tissues.
  • FCD is defined by capillaries with red blood cell transit.
  • Changes in FCD reflect mechanisms controlling red blood cell entry into capillaries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the anatomical and hydrodynamic mechanisms modulating red blood cell entry into capillaries.
  • To investigate the role of capillary lumen changes in regulating FCD.
  • To understand the interplay of passive and active processes in determining FCD.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of capillary diameter and lumenal changes.
  • Consideration of intravascular pressure and tissue hydration effects.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Evaluation of endothelial cellular volume regulation and capillary contractility.

    • Main Results:

    • Capillary diameter changes, influenced by mechanical and cellular factors, modulate red blood cell entry.
    • Hydrodynamic conditions and intravascular pressure are key determinants of capillary lumen.
    • Capillary contractility, including spontaneous components, actively influences FCD.

    Conclusions:

    • FCD is a dynamic parameter influenced by both passive (anatomical, hydrodynamic) and active (contractility) processes.
    • Lumenal changes in capillaries are central to regulating red blood cell transit.
    • Understanding these mechanisms is vital for comprehending tissue perfusion in health and disease.