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The varicella vaccine. Vaccine development
1Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Japan.
Infectious Disease Clinics of North America
|September 1, 1996
Summary
This study details the development and characteristics of the Oka varicella vaccine. Clinical trials show its safety and efficacy, offering insights into varicella and zoster immunopathogenesis.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Immunology
- Vaccinology
Background:
- Varicella (chickenpox) and zoster (shingles) are caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV).
- Attenuated live virus vaccines are crucial for preventing viral diseases.
- The Oka strain is a well-established live attenuated VZV vaccine.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the development and characteristics of the attenuated live varicella (Oka) vaccine.
- To present findings from early clinical trials in Japan.
- To investigate viremia and zoster incidence in vaccinees, particularly in immunocompromised children.
Main Methods:
- Development of the attenuated live varicella (Oka) vaccine.
- Biologic and biophysical characterization of the Oka vaccine virus.
- Clinical trials including viremia detection and zoster incidence follow-up.
Main Results:
- The Oka vaccine virus exhibits specific biologic and biophysical properties.
- Early clinical trials in Japan demonstrated vaccine safety and immunogenicity.
- Viremia was detected in vaccinees, and zoster incidence was monitored in children with acute leukemia.
Conclusions:
- The Oka vaccine is a viable option for varicella prevention.
- Findings suggest a potential link between vaccination and the immunopathogenesis of varicella and zoster.
- Further research is warranted to fully elucidate VZV immunopathogenesis.