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Gap junction structures. I. Correlated electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction

D L Caspar, D A Goodenough, L Makowski

    The Journal of Cell Biology
    |August 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Researchers used X-ray crystallography and electron microscopy to study mouse liver gap junctions. They found these cell structures are composed of hexagonally arranged connexons, revealing insights into their organization and forces.

    Area of Science:

    • Cell Biology
    • Structural Biology
    • Biophysics

    Background:

    • Gap junctions are essential intercellular channels mediating direct cell-to-cell communication.
    • Understanding the precise structure and composition of gap junctions is crucial for deciphering their function in tissue homeostasis and disease.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To correlate the structure and chemical composition of isolated mouse liver gap junction plaques.
    • To elucidate the arrangement and intermolecular forces within gap junction arrays.

    Main Methods:

    • X-ray crystallographic methods were employed to analyze gap junction structure.
    • Electron microscope image analysis provided insights into the morphology and arrangement of gap junction components.
    • Chemical composition analysis complemented structural data.

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    Main Results:

    • Gap junction plaques are composed of connexons arranged in a hexagonal lattice.
    • The lattice constant of the connexon array ranges from 80 to 90 Angstroms.
    • Analysis revealed short-range disorder within the junction lattice, despite overall long-range order.

    Conclusions:

    • Integrated analysis of X-ray, electron microscopy, and chemical data provides a unified model of gap junction structure.
    • The observed lattice disorder offers clues about the intermolecular forces governing gap junction assembly.
    • This study enhances our understanding of the structural basis of cell-cell communication via gap junctions.