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Gender differences in children's intonational patterns

C T Ferrand1, R L Bloom

  • 1Department of Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences, Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York 11550, USA.

Journal of Voice : Official Journal of the Voice Foundation
|September 1, 1996
PubMed
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This study found that male children

Area of Science:

  • Linguistics
  • Phonetics
  • Child Development

Background:

  • Intonational patterns in children's speech are crucial for communication.
  • Understanding developmental differences in voice pitch (FO) and intonation between genders is important.
  • Previous research has not fully detailed prepubescent vocal development differences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate sex-based differences in intonational variables in American-English speaking children.
  • To analyze acoustic features of voice pitch and frequency shifts in prepubertal boys and girls.
  • To identify age-related changes in intonational patterns during early childhood.

Main Methods:

  • Recorded conversational speech samples from middle-class American-English speaking boys and girls aged 3-10 years.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Acoustically analyzed speech samples for fundamental frequency (FO) measures: minimum, maximum, mean, and standard deviation (FOSD).
  • Quantified the number and direction of FO changes ('shifts') per utterance.

    • Main Results:

    • Mean FO in boys showed a decrease around 7-8 years of age.
    • Boys exhibited decreases in maximum FO, pitch range, and percentage of rising/falling shifts from 7-8 years.
    • These vocal changes in boys were not paralleled by similar decreases in girls.

    Conclusions:

    • Significant sex differences emerge in intonational development during prepuberty.
    • Both physiological and sociocultural factors likely contribute to these observed gender-based vocal patterns.
    • Findings highlight distinct developmental trajectories in male and female prepubescent intonation.