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Child development: vulnerability and resilience

P L Engle1, S Castle, P Menon

  • 1Department of Psychology, Cal Poly, San Luis Obispo, USA.

Social Science & Medicine (1982)
|September 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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Children face new psychosocial development threats from urbanization, violence, and changing families. This review examines risks like malnutrition, altered family structures, and violence, exploring protective factors and interventions for developing countries.

Area of Science:

  • Child Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Modern societal changes like urbanization and political instability create new risks for children.
  • This review focuses on psychosocial development, distinct from physical health or child disability.
  • The study examines risks from conception through later life, with a focus on developing countries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze key risks impacting children's psychosocial development in developing nations.
  • To discuss the concepts of risk and resilience in child development.
  • To explore consequences, etiologies, protective factors, and interventions for specific childhood risks.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual analysis of risk and resilience in child development.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Application of these concepts to three specific risk factors: nutritional threats, family dynamics, and violence.
  • Systematic examination of consequences, causes, coping mechanisms, and interventions for each risk.

    • Main Results:

    • Nutritional threats, such as malnutrition from declining breastfeeding, pose significant risks.
    • Changing family structures, including fostering and non-traditional families, present unique challenges.
    • Experiences of domestic or political violence negatively impact children's psychosocial well-being.

    Conclusions:

    • Understanding risk and resilience is crucial for supporting children's psychosocial development.
    • Targeted interventions are needed to mitigate the effects of malnutrition, family changes, and violence.
    • Identifying protective factors can enhance children's ability to cope with adversity in developing countries.