Memory enhancement program for community-based older adults: development and evaluation

The purpose of the study was to develop a multifactorial memory enhancement program for community-dwelling older adults aimed at encouraging positive beliefs and behaviors about memory function and abilities in later life. The study evaluated the effectiveness of cognitive restructuring techniques (56 subjects) as compared to traditional memory training techniques (61 subjects) for purposes of enhancing memory performance. Posttest assessments were conducted after 10 weeks of memory training. Follow-up assessments were conducted 9 weeks later to assess maintenance of memory performance and memory beliefs. Three 2 x 3 (Treatment x Time) repeated measures multivariate analyses of variance were conducted to evaluate the effects of two types of intervention on memory performance, memory perception, and affective symptomatology over time. Results suggest that cognitive restructuring techniques may help community-dwelling older adults gain control over their beliefs about memory and thereby enhance their memory performance.