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Pharmacologic considerations for antiviral drug development

C V Fletcher1

  • 1Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455, USA.

The Annals of Pharmacotherapy
|September 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Developing antiviral drugs requires careful consideration of pharmacologic factors, including pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Understanding these aspects is crucial for creating safe and effective antiviral agents, as exemplified by acyclovir.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Antiviral Drug Development
  • Virology

Background:

  • Antiviral drug development faces unique challenges compared to other antimicrobial agents.
  • Understanding drug mechanisms, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics is essential for effective antiviral therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss critical pharmacologic considerations in the development of antiviral agents.
  • To highlight challenges and provide insights into rational antiviral drug design and clinical evaluation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of English-language publications on antiviral compound development and clinical evaluation.
  • Focus on agents targeting herpes viruses and HIV.
  • Author-selected pertinent information for discussion.

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Main Results:

  • Standardized antiviral susceptibility testing lacks standardization, complicating preclinical analysis.
  • Acyclovir serves as a model for successful antiviral drug development, with well-studied pharmacologic properties and usage guidelines.
  • Inadequate pharmacologic data has led to development pitfalls, as seen with dextran sulfate and fialuridine.

Conclusions:

  • Integrating pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analyses can accelerate antiviral agent development.
  • Modern analytical techniques can inform dosage regimens for improved therapeutic success.
  • Rational dosing strategies and comprehensive pharmacologic understanding are key to safe and effective antiviral use.