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Infections caused by parvovirus B19

B Chinea1, C H Ramírez Ronda

  • 1Infectious Diseases Program, University of Puerto Rico, School of Medicine, San Juan 00927-5800, USA.

Boletin De La Asociacion Medica De Puerto Rico
|January 1, 1996
PubMed
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Human parvovirus B19 is a widespread virus causing Erythema Infectiosum, commonly known as Fifth Disease. This infection can lead to joint pain in adults and affect fetal development.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Parvovirus B19, a single-stranded DNA virus, is globally distributed and transmitted via the respiratory route.
  • Infections peak in late winter and spring, with Erythema Infectiosum being the most common manifestation.
  • Over 60% of adults are seropositive, indicating widespread exposure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of Parvovirus B19.
  • To detail its clinical manifestations, including Erythema Infectiosum and its complications.
  • To highlight the ongoing relevance of Parvovirus B19 research.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of Parvovirus B19 research.
  • Analysis of epidemiological data on B19 infection.

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  • Summary of clinical presentations and associated conditions.

    • Main Results:

    • Erythema Infectiosum, characterized by a three-stage rash, is the most frequent outcome, typically affecting children aged 4-10.
    • Adults, especially women, may experience arthralgia or arthritis in up to 80% of cases.
    • Maternal infection poses risks to the fetus, and Parvovirus B19 can induce transient aplastic crisis.

    Conclusions:

    • Parvovirus B19 is a significant human pathogen with diverse clinical presentations.
    • Further research is warranted to fully understand the spectrum of diseases associated with B19 infection.
    • Public health awareness and continued investigation are crucial for managing B19-related illnesses.